Stage pit etiquette and tips for concert photographers by Andrew B. Powers

The stage pit, as any music photographer knows, can often be a very busy, narrow and crowded space. Whether you're squeezed into a tight stage pit in a club or amidst a sea of fellow photographers in a sprawling festival pit, the competition for limited shooting space and optimal angles can be fierce.

In such a setting, a dash of courtesy can work wonders and possessing a firm grasp of the proper etiquette can significantly enhance the experience of capturing concert moments as a music photographer.

This guidance is relevant to music photographers of all levels, serving as a valuable refresher for veteran professionals and an essential guide for those new to the world of music photography. By embracing these etiquette principles, you can move and perform in the stage pit with the professionalism of an experienced pro.

101 stage pit etiquette for music photographers

Respect

The number one rule!

Every action you take in the pit should emanate from a core foundation of respect. It's respect for your fellow photographers, respect for the artists gracing the stage, respect for the passionate fans, and above all, respect for every individual diligently contributing to the success of the event. In this realm, there are no allowances for exceptions!

All fellow photographers with a photo pass possesses the same rights to access the pit and capture their shots, without exception. We share a common goal – to capture extraordinary images. By entering the stage pit with respect at the forefront of your mindset, we can collectively enhance our chances of creating remarkable photographs without any unnecessary drama or conflict.

Outfit

This tip serves as both a courtesy to the artists and a consideration for the fans: Opt for black outfits!

As a photographer, you hold a unique and privileged position at the forefront of the stage. You're often very close to the artists and quite literally stand between the performers and their devoted fans. The choice to wear black it a deliberate step toward minimizing the presence and distractions. Embracing black attire is an integral facet of maintaining a professional appearance as a music photographer.

Pit access

My advice is to go early to the show rather than be late and fight your way through the crowds when the concert venue/festival area is fully packed. Sometimes the photographers are escorted via a side entrance or the backstage area in front of the stage, directly into the pit. There will be a meeting point somewhere, which will usually be announced to you by the people who are also responsible for your accreditation or you will find out from the staff at the entrance. Unfortunately, you don't get into this comfortable position very often as a usual music photographer. Often there is only one solution - to torture yourself through the crowd. This is not always a pleasure, but most of the time there is no other way to get to the front of the stage and into the pit.

When moving through crowds move slowly and plan you path. Avoid moving through areas where there’s much dancing, hopping, head banging going on. Let people know you are there by gently touching them on their shoulder. Be friendly and apologize if you step onto someone’s feet. Never push people aside but wait for gaps to slip through. Carry your camera gear above your head or visibly in front of you. Beware of burning cigarettes, beer cups, blood or vomit.

On the way to the stage or exit, many venues can be quite dark. A proven solution for this scenario is a Mini-Maglite. With this small flashlight you can literally “light the way”. Please avoid to dazzling anyone. The Maglite should be used primarily as a visual aid.

Gear

Exercise vigilance when it comes to your camera equipment and gear while in the bustling stage pit. Understand that it's an environment where equipment can endure some rough handling. Little accident can occur. If you inadvertently bump into someone and their gear, extend a quick apology and continue shooting.
To reduce the likelihood of such incidents, consider keeping your camera straps short, and if you're working with two camera bodies, ensure your second body and lens are snugly secured closer to your torso. Similarly, when navigating through the stage pit, carry your cameras close to your body to minimize the chances of accidental collisions.

3SNF

Flash photography is typically prohibited at most concerts. The standard rule in most venues is “First three songs, no flash!” (3SNF). So an off camera flash has absolutely no place in the pits.

Even if you have it mounted the flash but don't intend to use it, it's probable that you get hassled by security. Besides, having a flash in the stage pit adds an unnecessary obstruction for fellow photographers, hindering their ability to capture shots effectively.
For ensuring a smoother and unobstructed shooting experience for all, please stow away your off-camera flash, while your are in the stage pit.

Backpack

Here's a significant consideration. In a densely packed stage pit, avoid wearing a photo backpack at all costs. Trust me - everyone in that pit will thank you for it! But if you do, I can guarantee that everyone else in the pit will hate you. Stage pits are often already cramped, and having a backpack on significantly hinders movement for everyone, including yourself. It's advisable to stow your backpack at the sides or under the scaffolding of the stage. As a general rule, avoid putting your backpack in any place where it may of being in someone's way.

If you require quick access to lenses while shooting, opt for a belt with lens pouches or, at the very least, a messenger-style bag that can be worn on your side or front. This way, you can minimize your footprint in the stage pit while ensuring you have the gear you need at your fingertips.

Oneself noticeable

A small gesture of courtesy can have a significant impact. When you need to move past another photographer in the pit, a simple tap on the shoulder is all it takes. This allows them a moment to acknowledge your presence and make way for you, rather than you simply pushing through. This thoughtful approach can transform the stage pit into a more civil and cooperative space, and your fellow photographers will undoubtedly appreciate your consideration for both your own space and theirs.

Work, not dance

This guideline is quite straightforward. When you're donning a photo pass, there's an inherent understanding that your primary focus is your work while in the stage pit. However, should the music inspire you to dance or you simply wish to immerse yourself in a song by your favorite artist, it's courteous to relocate and find a spot along the side. This way, you can enjoy the moment without disrupting your fellow photographers.

Like a Ninja

When you moving through a crowded stage pit, exercise a high degree of awareness. While it's essential to capture the stage action, it's equally vital to respect your fellow photographers. Whenever possible, opt to move behind them rather than in front, ensuring you don't obstruct their shots. If you must cross in front of someone, make a conscious effort to crouch down, minimizing any interference with their shots. This considerate approach helps maintain a harmonious and professional atmosphere within the stage pit.

Overhead shots

Stages can be quite elevated, especially at festivals. Right! So if you find yourself in the situation where you must shoot with your camera raised high over your head and do a "Hail Mary", I really kindly consider you doing it from the rear of the stage pit. If not, it will just create another challenge for everyone behind you.

Film crews

Like it or not, cameras from film crews take up a lot of space in the pit and on the stage. Apart from that, they are most likely right on the spot where you want to stand. They are often in your picture and all the cables can drive you crazy.

Film crews can either come from a TV station or film at the request of the band. For example, for a live DVD/Blue-ray, a video clip, a streaming service or to show what happens on stage live big screens.

As filmed footage always has a more direct and bigger impact for the artists and record companies than photos, the TV and film crews are more important than you. So don't get in their way, and stay out of their shot. Look out for all the cables on the floor and the tracks for camera dolly systems. You definitely wouldn't be the first to fall over them.

Audience

Always remember that people in the audience have paid a lot of money for their tickets. A photographer standing right in front of them or walking by all the time is not what they want. Be considerate to the crowd standing behind you and try to disturb them as little as possible. Have a little chat with them before the concert starts, and tell them you will be out of their way after the first three songs. If the hall is seated, you should crouch down and try to walk around as little as possible. The fans are also often interested in when and where the pictures can be seen. This saves you a lot of moaning, shouting or worse.

Security

One of the most pivotal facets of stage pit etiquette is demonstrating unwavering respect for security and venue/event staff. While security personnel are primarily focused on the artist's and fans' safety, they also have your best interests in mind. It's genuinely advantageous for everyone involved to exhibit the utmost respect towards security and all event personnel.

When entering a new venue, taking a moment to introduce yourself to the security team can go a long way. For those who frequent a particular venue, fostering a rapport with security is even more beneficial. They can be your allies. Establishing a positive relationship with security is an asset you'll appreciate time and time again.

While it may seem obvious, it's worth reiterating that security directives are to be strictly followed. They have the authority to remove you from the stage pit if safety concerns arise or if there's a sudden change in artist policy that hasn't been communicated previously.

In the rare instance where security might make an mistake, such as miscounting songs, it's advisable to address the issue with the head of security in a polite and respectful manner. Anything less than that could result in you're going to get bounced.

STAGE pit!!!

The stage pit. Often also called “photo pit” - which is completely wrong!

First of all, it is important to note that the stage pit has a safety function first and foremost. It should separate the band from the audience and leave the necessary space for the securities to pull people out of the crowd.

The fact that you are allowed to enter the stage pit as a music photographer is a concession of the organizer and the securities, who are first and foremost responsible for the safety of the concert visitors and also for yours. Anyone who seriously believes that the stage pit is there especially for the photographers and that they have a legitimate right to use the pit, is badly wrong.

Conclusion

If I were to encapsulate the essence of "stage pit etiquette" in one word, it's unequivocally "RESPECT"!

As I wrap up, I'd like to leave you with this parting reflection - while much of this guidance may appear to be common sense, we can all benefit from a gentle reminder.

If you observe someone's actions negatively affecting everyone in the pit, consider engaging in a constructive conversation about how their behavior impacts everyone, instead of just grumble about it. We all have the opportunity to do better. After all, we're all in this together.

Do you have any recommendations or personal guidelines that you find helpful?

Please feel free to comment and share your thoughts on “Stage pit etiquette and tips for concert photographers”.


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How to stop Photos from opening automatically on your Mac by Andrew B. Powers

Photos or iPhoto is a photo software app for your Apple Macintosh (Mac OS X) and it has one annoying option.

Every time when you connect your iPhone/iPad to your Mac or insert a SD-Card, the Photo app opens automatically. Then you probably hate it just as much as I do, it’s time to learn how to stop this problem.

Copy and paste the following command in Terminal and press Enter to prevent Photos from opening automatically:

defaults -currentHost write com.apple.ImageCapture disableHotPlug -bool YES

Congrats! Apple Photos should stay closed from now. Pretty easy or isn’t it!?

If you would like to re-enable the auto launching function in the future, no problem. Simply open up Terminal again and enter the following single command:

defaults -currentHost write com.apple.ImageCapture disableHotPlug -bool NO
 

Do you have any recommendations or personal guidelines that you find helpful?

Please feel free to comment and share your thoughts on “How to stop Photos from opening automatically on your Mac”.


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Donots at Rosenhof, JAK 2014 by Andrew B. Powers

The Donots' JAK (Jahresabschlußkonzert = End-Of-Year Concert) at the Rosenhof in Osnabrück has become a very long and beautiful tradition. An amazing atmosphere and absolute exhaustion of the protagonists on stage, as well as of the fans, was once again the trademark of this special gig.

Although the band from Ibbenbüren not only celebrated their 20th anniversary this year, but also completed one of the most successful tours and recorded the new album (Karacho), the guys around Ingo Donot really put the pedal to the metal. The Donots performed a great concert and a very special evening filled with many memorable moments.

With "Karacho" (Vertigo Berlin (Universal Music)), the Donots will release an album in their native language for the first time in their career on 20. February 2015 and then go on tour a few days later. The tour starts on 03.03.2015 in Magdeburg (Alte Feuerwache) and ends on 27.03.2015 at the Reeperbahn (Große Freiheit 36) in Hamburg.

Special guests on this evening were Adam Angst, the new band around Felix Schönfuss. Many people will know the frontman from Frau Potz and Escapado. The self-titled album by Adam Angst (Grand Hotel van Cleef) will also be released on 20 February.

If you want to be at JAK 2015, you should get your tickets as soon as possible. Because they are always gone faster than you can imagine.

Yongnuo YN-622C-TX by Andrew B. Powers

Review - Der Yongnuo YN-622C-TX im Detail

Viele Fotografen arbeiten bereits schon etwas länger mit den Yongnuo YN-622C/YN-622N und haben deren Vorteile schnell schätzen gelernt. Bei diesen allerdings erfolgte das ändern und kontrollieren von den Einstellungen der Systemblitze lästig über das Kameramenü. Daher wurden schnell der Wunsch nach einer Erweiterung bzw. Verbesserung laut, um das entfesselte Blitze noch einfacher zu gestalten.

Mit mit dem YN-622C-TX hat der chinesische Hersteller eine neue Generation der (E/i)-TTL-Funkauslöser entwickelt, die als Master-Einheit zur Steuerung der YN-622 Transceiver dient und das zu einem sensationell günstigen Preis. Neben der Übertragung der E-TTL-/i-TTL-Signale, bietet das handliche Gerät ein benutzerfreundliches LC-Display, sowie manuelle Blitzsteuerung, Zoom, Flash Value Lock (FVL), Synchronisation auf dem 2. Verschlussvorhang, HSS Unterstützung bis 1/8000s und natürlich auch Supersync. Zusätzlich lassen sich per USB-Port zukünftige Firmware-Updates aufspielen.

Wie von dem YN-622C/YN-622N  gewohnt, bietet auch der TX einen Mixed Mode zur individuellen Steuerung mehrerer Blitzgeräte im TTL, als auch im manuellen Modus. Hierfür stehen drei Gruppen und sieben Kanäle zur Verfügung, um z.B. die Leistung oder Reflektorstellung der Aufsteckblitze komplett unabhängig einzustellen.

Dank Supersync Timing Adjustment können endlich auch Studioblitze manuell nachjustieren werden, sodass die Auslösung des Blitzes und des Kameraverschlusses perfekt zeitlich synchronisiert ist. Die Einstellungen hierfür werden dabei automatisch gespeichert. Ein Feature was beim mir schon lange und ganz oben auf der Wunschliste stand.

Die Steuereinheit verfügt, wie die älteren Brüder ohne Display, über ein Laser-AF-Fokuslicht. Dies kann selbstverständlich auch ganz unabhängig von Aufsteckblitzen verwend. Durch die moderne Transceiver-Bauweise fungiert der TX aber nicht nur als Sende-, sondern auch als Empfangseinheiten. In welcher Funktion der Transceiver verwendet wird, erkennt der Trigger automatisch. Dank beigelegter Kabel kann der Funkauslöser daher nicht nur Blitze, sondern auch eine Kamera auslösen.

Außerdem verfügt das LCD auch über eine Batteriestandsanzeige.

Die aktuelle Firmware, Treiber und Software, sowie eine Betriebsanleitung in Englisch ist hier erhältlich. Leider ist die UpDate-Software momentan nur für Microsoft Windows-Systeme verfügbar und ließ sich nicht zur Zusammenarbeit mit einem Windows-Emulator auf dem Mac überreden.

Der Yongnuo YN-622C-TX E-TTL Transceiver funktioniert einfach klasse und die Bedienung ist fast selbsterklärend. Deshalb erleichtert er das arbeiten für ambitionierte Strobist-Anhänger ungemein. Für den Preis von rund 60€ ist der kleine schwarze Kasten ein absolutes Must-Have. Ganz besonders wenn man schon ein Paar Yongnuo YN-622C/YN-622N besitzt.

Im Lieferumfang enthalten sind neben dem Transceiver zwei Kamera-Verbindungskabel (C1/C3) und ein USB-Kabel, sowie eine Bedienungsanleitung in Englisch.

Natürlich steht die TX Steuereinheit auch für das Nikon-System zur Verfügung und trägt dann die Bezeichnung "Yongnuo YN-622N-TX i-TTL".

Yongnuo YN-622C by Andrew B. Powers

Review - Der Yongnuo YN-622C im Detail

Yongnuo hat vor Kurzem mit dem YN-622 endlich ein Produkt veröffentlicht, auf den viele Fotografen schon lange gewartet haben. Bei den Geräten handelt es sich um sogenannte Transceiver, bieten also Sende- und Empfangsfähigkeiten. Ein praktischer Nebeneffekt ist, dass man sich keine Gedanken darüber machen muß, was, wo und wie irgendwo aufgesteckt werden muß. Das eigentlich Kaufargument ist aber, dass die Teilchen die volle Funktionstüchtigkeit der Blitzbelichtungsautomatik (E-TTL) über Funk ermöglich, inkl. HSS (High Speed Sync). Es ergeben sich daher keine Probleme bei zu hellem Umgebungslicht oder wenn keine Sichtverbindung zwischen den Geräten besteht, wie es z.B. bei IR-System auftreten kann. Außerdem verfügen die Biester über ein absolute Killerfunktion, welche sich "Supersync" nennt. Damit ist es möglich, z.B. einen Studioblitz auch mit einer kürzeren Verschlusszeit als der Blitzsynchronzeit zu betreiben.

Die Transceiver sind relativ groß (ca. 90mm x 55mm x 25mm) und machen insgesamt einen recht wertigen Eindruck. Die Oberseite ist in einer Art Klavierlackoptik gehalten, was diese damit relativ empfindlich gegen Fingerabdrücke, Kratzer und Stau macht. Der Blitzfuß ist aus Metall und läßt sich mit einem Rad auf dem Blitzschuh der Kamera fixieren. Obwohl die Bezeichnung Rädchen viel besser passt, denn etwas grösser hätten die Teile wirklich sein können. Bestückt werden die Yongnuo YN-622C Transceiver mit jeweils zwei Mignonzellen. Es werden also keine seltene oder teure Spezialbatterien benötigt. Ich verwende auch bei diesen Geräten zwei Eneloop AA-Akkus von Panasonic. Die Taster besitzen einen angenehmen Druckpunkt, auch wenn diese etwas weniger plan sein könnten. Die Status LEDs für die Kanal- und Gruppenauswahl, sowie für die Information das eine aktive E-TTL-Verbindung besteht, die Batterien kurz davor sind die Hufe zu strecken oder das Gerät eingeschaltet ist, sind auch bei starker Sonneneinstrahlung noch gut zu erkennen. Außerdem befindet sich auf der linken Gehäuseseite noch eine Synchronbuchse. Diese ist harten Anforderungen allerdings nicht gewachsen. Man so sollte daher entweder ein PC-Sync-Kabel verwenden welches über ein Schraubverschluss für einen sicheren Halt in der Buchse verfügt oder irgendwie dafür sorgen, dass auf gar keinen Fall irgendwelche Zugkräfte auf den Anschluß ausübt werden.

Dem aufmerksamen Leser wird aufgefallen sein, dass die Transceiver keinen USB-Port besitzen und sich fragen, was passiert wenn sich die Protokolle für die Blitzsteuerung ändern bzw. wenn neue Blitze oder Kameras auf den Markt kommen. Da somit leider keinen Möglichkeit existiert die Firmware auf einen aktuellen Stand zubringen, muß man auf lange Sicht die YN622 wohl in die Kategorie Weg­werf-Geräte einordnen.

Grundsätzlich sollte man im Kopf behalten, dass die YN-622C in erster Line dafür ausgelegt sind Informationen zu übertragen und es sich um keine Steuereinheiten handelt. Zwar kann man ein paar Informationen an den Transceiver ablesen, großartig einstellen kann man aber nicht wirklich etwas. Die Kamera mit dem Blitzmenü dienen als Steuereinheit. Es werden also in der Kamera sämtliche Grundeinstellungen, Gruppen und Ratios voreingestellt und die Yongnuos sorgt für die drahtlose Übertragung. Genauso, als hätte man z.B. einen Canon 580EX II Systemblitz als Master-Einheit auf der Kamera. Obwohl mit dem Yongnuo YN-622C sogar noch etwas mehr möglich ist. Denn ein weiteres tolles Feature ist das syncen auf dem 2. Vorhang, dass im "Drahtlos-Modus" normalerweise gar nicht aktiviert werden kann. Allerdings müssen sich dann alle Blitze in einer gemeinsamen Gruppe befinden. Wenn die Kamera also die Steuerung übernimmt, dann bedeutet das leider auch, dass man sich auch mal mit unterschiedlichen angeordneten Blitzmenüs bei anderen Kameras herumschlagen muß. Teilweise kann z.B. auch nicht der 2. Verschluss als Sync-Zeitpunkt ausgewählt werden kann. Sogar eine Aufweckfunktion für Canon Speedlite-Blitzgeräte ist integriert. Damit man die komplette Leistungsfähigkeit der Transceiver nutzen kann, ist man also sowohl von dem Funktionsumfang der jeweiligen Kamera, also auch von dem eingesetzten Systemblitze abhängig.

Die YN-622C können auf zwei verschiedene Arten betrieben werden. Entweder im Fernsteuerungs- oder im Mix-Modus. Der Fernsteuerungs-Modus gewichtet die Einstellungen im Kamera-Blitzsteuerungsmenü mit einer höhere Priorität, als die meisten Einstellungen an den Systemblitzen. Der Mix-Modus hingegen, gewährt den Einstellungen an den Speedlite-Blitzgeräte höhere Priorität. E-TTL und manuelle Einstellung können zur selben Zeit betrieben werden.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist auch die E-TTL-Passthrough Fähigkeit. Wenn ein Transceiver der auf der Kamera montiert ist der als Sender agiert und auf diesem wiederum ein Systemblitz steck, können die E-TTL-Signale trotzdem noch zum Blitz durchgeschleift werden.

Tipp: Falls einmal der seltene Fall eintreten sollte das die Transceiver nicht funktionieren, dann kann ein Factory-Reset helfen. Einfach die Taster "CH SET" und "GP SET" zusammen gedrückt halten. Die Statusanzeige blinkt abwechselnd drei Mal rot/grün. Anschließend leuchtet sie durchgehend rot. Die Tasten loslassen und die Werkseinstellungen sind wiederhergestellt.

Ein sehr schönes Feature ist, dass die Yongnuos über ein Laser-AF-Fokuslicht verfügen. Dieses ist so stark, dass dessen Grid selbst bei Tageslicht über mehrere Meter sichtbar und jedem AF-Hilfslicht eines schweren Systemblitzen überlegen ist. Einfach genial in Verbindung mit normalen Studioblitzen oder mobilen Blitzgeneratoren und Probleme beim Fokussieren bei Lowlight-/Highlight Setups endgültig zu verbannen. Aber selbst wenn man ohne Blitzgeräte fotografiert, lohnt sich dieses kleinen Plastikkästchen auf der Kamera, um diese beim schnellen Fokussieren zu unterstützen.

Bei anderen Funkauslöser, wie z.B. den alten Yongnuo RF-602C, befindet sich auf der Unterseite das typische Metallgewinde für Stativschrauben. Beim aktuellen Yongnuo YN-622C existiert diese Befestigungsmöglichkeit leider nicht mehr. Wenn man die Transceiver also z.B. an einem Stativ mit einer Softbox verwenden möchte, muß man sich anderweitig behelfen.

Hierbei sollte man z.B. zum Walimex Universal Blitzschuh greifen, da dieses aus Metall ist und auch starken Kräften sicheren Halt garantiert. Außerdem kann die Breite der Blitzschuhaufnahme individuell angepasst werden.

Die Yongnuo YN-622C E-TTL Funk-Auslöser sind wirklich klasse. Auspacken, aufstecken... und voilà, sie funktionieren sofort!

Für den Preis bekommt man einen Funktionsumfang, der nur noch wenig Wünsche offen lässt. Der Preis für ein YN-622-Pärchen ist äusserst verlockend. Selbst nur ein ganz simpler Transceiver von Pocketwizard ist in diesen Preisregionen nicht erhältlich und andere Alternative sind auch mindestens doppelt so teuer. Erhöhte Ausfallsicherheit im Alltag erlangt man durch die Transceiver-Konstruktion. Falls man allerdings einen Kamera verwendet, die nicht über die drahtlose Blitzsteuerung über das Kameramenü verfügt oder einen Blitz der nicht so angesteuert werden kann, ist die Bedienung der YN-622C eine absolute Zumutung. Im Lieferumfang sind zwei Yongnuo YN-622C E-TTL Funk-Auslöser enthalten, sowie eine Bedienungsanleitung in Englisch.

Selbst wenn man momentan nur manuelle Funk-Auslöser benötigt, sollten man zu den YN-622 greifen. Außerdem, wer sich jetzt nicht mit der Thema Supersync beschäftigt, der hat in naher Zukunft den Zug wirklich verpasst.

SuperSync - Higher than max flash sync speed by Andrew B. Powers

Flashing beyond the sync speed

Modern digital single-lens reflex cameras (DSLRs) use a mechanical shutter to control the exposure time. This opens at the set exposure time to allow light to reach the image sensor and closes again light-tight after the exposure time has elapsed. The shutter of current cameras consists of two curtains that run one after the other. After the shutter is released, the first curtain starts, releases the sensor and the exposure time is started. To ensure that the selected exposure time is maintained, the second curtain starts moving shortly before the end of the exposure time to completely cover the sensor again. In the following video you can see very clearly how the curtain of the Nikon D3s shutter behaves at shutter speeds of 1/100 second and 1/1000 second:

This is what it looks like when a photo is taken with a Nikon D3s. The mirror flips up, the shutter curtain opens and closes, then the mirror flips back down. This video was filmed with a Redlake N3 high speed camera at 1454 frames per second.

As the mechanical shutters cannot be opened and closed as quickly as desired, the described principle quickly reaches its limits with very short exposure times. On the video you can clearly see that the curtains behave quite differently at an exposure time of 1/1000 of a second. At the beginning of the exposure, the first curtain opens and increasingly exposes the image sensor. Before the first curtain has completely released the sensor, the second curtain already begins to close. As the first curtain is not yet fully open, an open slit now moves across the image from top to bottom. As the exposure time becomes shorter, this slit naturally becomes narrower. This is why this type of shutter is also called a focal-plane shutter (FPS).

If an picture is to be illuminated with a flash, the flash must be fired at exactly the right moment due to the very short flash duration, i.e. when the first curtain is fully open, the sensor has been completely released and can be illuminated. Therefore, only exposure times at which the two curtains of the shutter do not work as a “ slot” can be used, as otherwise dark bars will be visible in the final photo. This shortest selectable exposure time is called flash sync speed, sync time or X-sync. Typical flash sync speeds for cameras with a focal plane shutter are between 1/160 second and 1/320 second. This time includes the time in which the curtains are fully open and the movement time of the curtains.

Below this specific (flash sync) time, everything works without any problems with system flashes on the camera or studio flash units. But what options are there if you want to expose faster than 1/160s, 1/250s or 1/320s, for example, because you want to shoot with a wide-open aperture for creative reasons and despite sufficient ambient light, but don't want to use a gray filter or don't have one to hand?

Solution HSS/FP

Most system flashes have a technique that solves the problem with a simple trick. Instead of a single flash, the flash is transformed into a kind of fast “flickering light” and flashes continuously while the gap between the two shutter curtains moves across the sensor. This mode is called HSS for Canon and FP for Nikon. The advantage is obvious: the picture is illuminated absolutely evenly. But that's where it ends. Because the flash has to light up very often within a very short time, the loss of performance is exorbitant. In addition, only expensive system flash units that are HSS/FP-capable offer this technology, the flash tubes are put under a lot of strain and, above all, considerably more information has to be exchanged between the camera and the system flash than a simple “ fire now!”.

Solution Supersync

Portable flash generators or studio flashes are not HSS/FP-capable. Nevertheless, it would of course be nice to be able to use them faster than the flash sync speed?

The Supersync technology offers the desired solution to precisely this problem. Originally, the whole thing was discovered by chance when a studio flash was fired via a photocell with the TTL clip-on flash. It turned out that it can happen that the studio flash fires exactly during the time of the actual focal plane shutter exposure. But this is the crux of the matter - it can happen, but it doesn't have to!

The theory behind Supersync is quite simple. However, you should know something about the required technology.

TTL radio triggers are one of the most important. These work slightly differently to normal radio triggers and normally first send out a “metering flash” to measure the flash exposure. With Supersync, however, this metering flash “accidentally” fires the studio flash, which fires after a certain period of time. The camera then also starts its exposure. Actually, after the TTL metering flash, the main flash would be fired first. In this process, however, the studio flash has already been triggered and fires at the exact moment when the first curtain of the shutter is fully open. The result is a correctly exposed sensor. It is therefore important to have very precise timing, which is influenced by various factors, such as the firing time and the characteristic firing characteristics of the studio flash, the speed at which the signals are transmitted and processed, the exposure time set on the camera, the size of the sensor and the speed of the shutter. This makes it clear that Supersync cannot always work and that you simply have to try it out. However, a flash that fires “slowly” (but far too fast for the human eye) is a good basis, as you can see from the following diagrams.

The graph represents the flash firing characteristic and the gray bar the time the camera needs for the exposure. The setting for the exposure time is fixed. As the curtain moves from bottom to top, the drop in exposure is also clearly visible.

A flash that fires at high speed always has an extreme drop in performance. The faster the flash tubes, the less suitable they are for the SuperSync principle, as the drop in exposure is far too great.

So the slower a flash fires, the better. Even with just a little less speed, the exposure fall-off is already enormously reduced.

A flash with a slow flash tube achieves exactly the desired effect. An almost uniform exposure. Elinchrom's Ranger Quadra models with standard head (S-Head) are just suitable for this. The burn-off time of the Action series is already far too fast. However, the whole thing apparently only works at full power, as this is apparently regulated by the lighting duration.

However, the Jinbei FL-II Porty flash set incl. standard flash head is perfectly suitable for Supersync. Apparently, the flash duration of the Jinbei Porty is so long that you can select almost arbitrarily short exposure times across all power levels. Neither a great loss of energy nor a really visible progression is noticeable. Simply perfect! Together with the Yongnuo YN-622C E-TTL II radio flash trigger, an absolute dream team.

Conclusion

Supersync is simply great and offers incredible potential in terms of lighting and image composition. In addition, low-speed flashes finally have a reason to exist again. If there are still very slight gradients with some time/power combinations, these can easily be corrected with a graduated filter in Lightroom.

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What is concert photography and what are its main challenges? by Andrew B. Powers

Concert photography or music photography is a specialized niche within reportage photography.

Despite the challenges of low light and limited time, capturing the unique moments of a live performance holds a strong allure. Both professional and passionate amateur photographers are often drawn to the idea of photographing musicians during unforgettable shows, creating what can be described as the "visual soundtrack" of the event.

The historical background

The relationship between photography and music has a rich history that predates the invention of sound recording, extending back to the 19th century. Early examples, such as the use of photographs on sheet music in the 1860s, underscore the role photography played in creating the public personas of music performers. In San Francisco during the 1870s, photographers Bradley and Rulofson produced sheet music featuring actual photographic prints of performers, adding value to these editions and turning them into collectible items for theatregoers.

With the advent of sound recording, photography became a way to "restore the visual to the disembodied voice," particularly as listeners could no longer physically see the performers whose voices they heard. This role became even more crucial with the rise of the record industry in the early 20th century.

In the 1920s, as the music and film industries expanded, photography became essential in the star-making process. The rise of "talking pictures" and a burgeoning entertainment press created a demand for intimate and glamorous portraits of celebrities, including musicians. These photographs, often influenced by Hollywood’s portrait conventions, became a tool for shaping and controlling public perceptions of performers. The Hollywood aesthetic - with its close-ups, careful lighting, and flawless presentation - was applied to musicians, helping to construct idealized star images.

By the 1930s, as the electric microphone enabled new vocal styles, the recording industry leaned heavily on photography to cultivate and communicate the public personas of its stars. Fan magazines capitalized on these images, which appeared naturalistic but were carefully staged to evoke specific emotions or characteristics. Frank Sinatra is one such example of a star whose image was meticulously developed and evolved through photography.

Concert photography gained prominence with the rise of rock & roll in the 1950s and 1960s, particularly with iconic bands like The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. Well-known photographers from this era include Gered Mankowitz, Robert Altman, and Ethan Russell.

This symbiotic relationship between photography and music helped shape the visual culture of the music industry, turning musicians into larger-than-life figures through imagery.

The challenge

For accredited photographers in the stage pit - whether at small clubs, large arenas, or massive outdoor festivals - the same fundamental rule usually applies: "First three songs, no flash!"

Within this brief window, photographers must capture stunning, evocative images that not only convey the atmosphere of the performance but also meet the needs of daily press, music magazines, and photo agencies.

Concert photography is a dynamic and demanding field that frequently challenges photographers, regardless of how advanced their equipment is. Success depends on understanding the artists, gaining their trust, and having both expertise and experience.

Without the necessary skills and expertise, no one should venture into the pit to start photographing concerts. Not literally!

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